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22 April 2025: The United States Commerce Department announced on Monday 21 April new anti-dumping and countervailing duties on solar panel imports from Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia, following a yearlong investigation. The probe concluded that manufacturers in these countries were unfairly benefiting from government subsidies and selling exports to the US below production costs.
Levy Rates and Impact on Malaysia
Malaysia: The country-wide duty rate for Malaysia has been set at 34.4%. This is notably lower than the rates imposed on some regional neighbours.
Specific Company Rate: Jinko Solar, a major manufacturer, faces duties of approximately 40% for its exports from Malaysia.
Comparison with Other Southeast Asian Nations
Cambodia: Faces the highest potential duties, up to 3,521%, reportedly due to the country withdrawing from the investigation.
Vietnam: Companies not specifically named face duties up to 395.9%. Specific rates include ~245% for Jinko Solar, >200% for Trina Solar, and ~120% for JA Solar.
Thailand: Faces country-wide duties of up to 375.2%, with Trina Solar facing levies of 375%.
Context and Significance
These duties are designed to offset the value of alleged unfair subsidies and pricing practices. The investigation was initiated following a petition by the American Alliance for Solar Manufacturing Trade Committee, representing US domestic manufacturers like First Solar and Hanwha Q Cells.
While intended to bolster US manufacturing, the levies impact a significant portion of the US solar supply chain. Last year, the US imported US$12.9 billion worth of solar equipment from these four countries, representing about 77% of total module imports. The final implementation of these duties hinges on a forthcoming decision by the US International Trade Commission (ITC) on whether these imports harm or threaten US producers.
